Antiplasmodial activities of n-hexane and water fractions of Dennettia tripetala leaf extract in Wistar rats
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ayo-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Research Article
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2024, 19(03), 595–602.
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.3.0682
Publication history:
Received on 16 August 2024; revised on 24 September 2024; accepted on 27 September 2024
Abstract:
Many people die from malaria, a global health crisis. Most global malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The rising resistance of Plasmodium spp. to antimalarial medications is hindering efforts to eradicate the illness. This study tested Dennettia tripetala leaf extract, N-hexane, and water fractions for antimalarial activity in rats. We used standard methods to screen Dennettia tripetala solvent (N-hexane and water) for phytochemical components. We tested the antimalarial potential of rats using Peters' 4-day suppressive, Rane's curative, and prophylactic tests. After conducting an exhaustive investigation, it was discovered that both fractions contained varying amounts of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. There was a significant amount of antimalarial activity demonstrated by both fractions across all test models (P<0.05). Compared to the water fraction, Dennettia tripetala's n-hexane fraction was highly chemosuppressive and curative. Dennettia tripetala n-hexane has chemoprophylactic, curative, and chemosuppressive effects. The curative effect was 62.3% to 72.4%, and the chemosuppressive effect was 51.2% to 88.5%. Chemoprophylactic activity was 32.1%–61.2%. At 250–1500 mg/kg, Combretum nigricans butanol suppressed 40.3%, 54.1%, and 69.1%, respectively. Therapeutic effects were 26.2%, 36.9%, and 34.5%, while chemoprophylaxis was 48.4%, 70.0%, and 87.4%. Both Dennettia tripetala solvent fractions have antimalarial activity, suggesting they may be effective in different malaria therapy stages.
Keywords:
Antimalarial; Chemoprophylaxis; Chemosuppressive; Dennettia tripetala
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