Assessment of the phytochemical and components anti–inflammatory properties of putranjiva roxburghi wall. Leaves extract

Background: Inflammation is a complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells or irritants and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases including arthritis, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Despite the availability of synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs, their long-term use is often associated with adverse effects, necessitating the search for safer and more effective alternatives. Anti-inflammation refers to mechanisms that suppress or regulate inflammation to protect tissues from damage. It includes natural body controls, anti-inflammatory cytokines, Lipoxygenase and therapeutic agents like NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and antioxidants. Effective anti-inflammatory action restores balance, promotes healing, and prevents progression of chronic illnesses. This thesis investigates the anti-inflammatory potential of selected natural and synthetic compounds through In-vitro model. The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Putranjiva roxburghii wall. 
Methodology: The anti-inflammatory activity of the test samples was evaluated using egg albumin denaturation inhibition assay and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay. In the egg albumin assay, varying concentrations (50 μg/ml,100 μg/ml,200 μg/ml,400 μg/ml,800 μg/ml) of the test sample were incubated with egg albumin solution at pH 7.4 and 37 °C for 30 minutes. Protein denaturation was induced by heating the mixture at 70 °C for 15 minutes. After cooling, absorbance was measured at 280 nm, and the percentage inhibition of protein denaturation was calculated using diclofenac sodium as the reference.
For the lipoxygenase inhibition assay, lipoxygenase was used to catalyze the oxidation of linoleic acid in the presence of the test compounds. The reaction mixture was incubated at 25°C for 5 minutes, and the formation of conjugated dienes was monitored by measuring absorbance at 234 nm. The percentage inhibition of LOX activity was calculated and compared with a standard anti-inflammatory agent.
Result: It is anticipated that the ethanolic leaf extract of Putranjiva roxburghii wall. will exhibit significant in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity, with considerable inhibition of albumin denaturation and lipoxygenase enzyme activity, demonstrating its potential as a natural anti- inflammatory agent. 
Conclusion: Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. leaf extract showed positive anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting egg albumin denaturation and lipoxygenase, confirming its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.