Bio-efficacy and Radical scavenging activity of Terminalia paniculata

The aim of this study is to qualitatively screen the phytochemicals, to assess antimicrobial and radical scavenging activity and to analyse the fingerprints of bioactive compounds by GCMS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy) in methanolic extract of Terminalia paniculata. Secondary metabolites including phenols, tannins, saponins and glycosides were present. The antimicrobial potential of methanolic extract of Terminalia paniculata by agar well diffusion assay showed maximum activity. The MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) of Terminalia paniculata by 96 well plate method ranged from 1.255×10³μg/mL to 5×10³μg/mL. The extract was screened for anti-oxidant activities by free radical scavenging activity DPPH assay (IC₅₀value=3.499μg/mL), ABTS assay T. paniculata (IC₅₀value=3.406μg/mL). In Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay Terminalia paniculata exhibited higher reducing ability. The total antioxidant capacity of the fractions was determined by phosphomolybdate method using ascorbic acid as a standard. Total phenolic contents in the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically according to Folin-Ciocalteu method. Gallic acid was used to set up the standard curve. Extract Terminalia paniculata demonstrated the highest phenolic content of 88.043 mg GAE/g and the GC-MS analysis was performed to evaluate the chemical constituents in the plant methanolic extract of Terminalia paniculata. With regard to the results the methanolic extract of Terminalia paniculata leaves could be an important source for the discovery of new plant-based drugs. Further research is needed for the identification and purification of chemical compounds and proving the efficacy of medicinal plants used by local people.