A case report on cefoperazone induced cardiogenic shock - kounis syndrome

Background: Kounis Syndrome is a hypersensitive coronary artery disease caused by the body being exposed to allergens that can be triggered by various medications and environmental factors. The body's defense mechanism launches a surge of chemicals during an anaphylactic reaction that could cause a state of shock, drop in blood pressure and constriction of the breathing passage, which makes breathing difficult.
Case presentation: A 55-year-old woman presented in our department with edema and a growth over her right buccal mucosa. A punch biopsy performed was indicative of squamous cell carcinoma. Considering Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), consultation with a nephrologist was scheduled and proceeded with the advised recommendations. Following the first injection dose of Cefoperazone and Sulbactum, within 5 minutes, the patient reported chest discomfort and difficulty in breathing. CPR was given according to ACLS protocol. Adrenaline injection was administered and was connected to defibrillator shock.
Conclusion: It is imperative for healthcare providers and pharmacists to recognize that, cephalosporins may result in fatal disorders such as Kounis Syndrome (KS) in order to appropriately prescribe the treatment and take preventative measures.