A comprehensive study on sitagliptin in the treatment of Type-II Diabetes

Sitagliptin is an oral antihyperglycemic drug classified as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor; commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It works by promoting insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon levels through the inhibition of incretin degradation in a glucose-dependent manner. As of 2013; it was the second-highest selling medication in the United States. This review highlights various analytical techniques for the quantification of sitagliptin; either alone or in combination with other agents. These methods include spectrometry; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS); liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS); capillary electrophoresis (CE); ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC); high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC); and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).