Minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Background: In recent decades, the use of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has grown significantly. Laparoscopic and open major liver resections for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still not well studied, despite the fact that several authors have said that LLR is safer and more effective than OLR in treating HCC.

Objective: To determine minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery of HCC.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Park Hospital, New Delhi, India, which was performed between June 2021 to March 2024, The total number of patients in our study were 120. The number of female patients in our study were 36 and males were 84. For all patients, we did diagnostic tests before surgery blood test, Ultrasound and biopsy. Our main focus was on open surgery versus minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We excluded pregnant women in our study. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 27.

Result: In a current study total 120 patients were enrolled. The minimum age of patients were 51 years and the maximum age of the patients were 97 years. The mean age were 66.26±9.339 years. The minimum BMI of patients were 20 kg/m2 and the maximum BMI of the patients were 38 kg/m2 . The mean BMI were 33.48±2.883 kg/m2.

The frequency of weight loss were not present in 54 patients and were present in 66 patients. The frequency of abdominal discomfort were not present 96 patients and were present in 24 patients.The frequency of HCC location in left lobe were 25 and were in right lobe in 95 patients. P-Value were <0.02. The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 2 cm patients were 48, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 3 cm patients were 46, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 4 cm patients were 7, The frequency of mass size on ultrasound 5 cm patients were 19. P-Value were less than 0.03.The frequency of open HCC surgery who have large scar, more bleeding and more pain were 120 patients and the frequency of minimally invasive HCC surgery who have less scar, less bleeding and less pain were in 120 patients. In our study P-Value were less than (< 0.05).

Conclusion: Our study found that individuals who have minimally invasive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgery recover more quickly than those who undergo open surgery. Compared to open surgery, individuals who undergo minimally invasive procedures spend less time in the hospital. Compared to the left lobe of the liver, HCC is more frequent in the right lobe. In patients having liver resection, the risk of surgical wound and organ infections following the procedure is reduced with minimally invasive surgery than with open surgery. The majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnoses were made in elderly patients. In our study, there were more male patients than female ones.