Mucoadhesive buccal films of flunarizine: formulation strategies using β-cyclodextrin and polymeric carriers: A review

Flunarizine dihydrochloride, a calcium channel blocker used in the prophylaxis of migraine and vestibular disorders, suffers from poor aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism, leading to low oral bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, a mucoadhesive thin film (MATF) of flunarizine was developed using β-cyclodextrin for solubility enhancement and various polymers such as HPMC E15, PVA, and Carbopol 934P for film formation and mucoadhesion. The prepared film aims to achieve rapid onset of action, improved solubility, and better patient compliance. This paper reviews the formulation design, preparation method, and evaluation parameters of the developed film, highlighting its potential as a promising alternative to conventional dosage forms.