Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase producing bacteria in urinary tract infection patients visiting tertiary care hospital in Central India

Antimicrobial resistance showed by different uropathogens is one of the barricades that might hinder the successful treatment (Bajpai et al., 2019). Detection of extended beta–lactamase (ESBL) production among uropathogens is an important marker of endemicity.
Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of pathogens in urinary tract and their antimicrobial susceptibilities, based on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase production in Central India. Methodology and results: The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in urinary tract and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were identified in 400 isolates from patients with urinary tract infections. Combined disc diffusion was performed to identify the presence of ESBL-producing strains. Moreover, disc approximation assay, disc potentiating test and double disc synergy test were performed to determine the presence of AmpC beta-lactamase producing bacterial strains. This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of UTIs in females (81.25%) than in males (18.75%). The most common pathogen was found Escherichia coli (44.5%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.5%) Enterobacter species (5%) and Proteus species (2.5%). ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase production occurred more frequently in E. coli (17.5%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (5.5%) respectively.
Significance and impact of study: The result of this study would provide physicians with important information which help them to make a judicious choice of antibiotics for therapeutic purposes. However, it is emphasized that continuous surveillance of antibiogram of medically important organisms causing UTI is necessary for adopting a rational antibiotic policy in the country.