A prospective observational study on thyroid dysfunction in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: In a Teritary care hospital

Background:  One of the most common diseases in gynecology, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) has a major negative impact on women's quality of life. Unusual bleeding in women can be brought on by thyroid conditions. The purpose of the study is to determine how common thyroid abnormalities are in women who have irregular uterine bleeding. It also looks at the menstrual patterns linked to thyroid disorders. The study concluded that hypothyroidism patients have menorrhagia, hyperthyroidism patients may experience dysmenorrhea, and thyroid dysfunction may result in irregular uterine hemorrhage.
Materials and procedures: Premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) participated in a prospective observational study conducted in the gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital in Trivandrum between November 2022 and April 2023 (a period of six months).
Result: Of the 75 patients who were chosen, 71 (94.7%) had AUB-induced hypothyroidism and 4 (5.3%) had AUB-induced hyperthyroidism. Regarding the menstrual pattern, 83.1% of patients with hypothyroidism and 100% of patients with hyperthyroidism reported experiencing menorrhagia or dysmenorrhea.
The study concludes that there is a considerable correlation between thyroid issues and abnormal uterine hemorrhage. The majority of female AUB patients exhibit both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The most common menstrual pattern linked to hypothyroidism was menorrhagia. Dysmenorrhea was thought to be the most prevalent monthly abnormality in hyperthyroidism.