RISK FACTORS AND HISTOLOGICAL TYPES OF ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA AT SHENDI UNIVERSITY TUMOR THERAPY CENTER, SUDAN

Background: Uterine endometrial cancer is the most prevalent gynaecologic malignancy, representing a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, worldwide. Understanding the risk factors, diagnosis, and management of endometrial cancer necessitates a comprehensive approach from an interprofessional team. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and histological types of endometrial carcinoma among patients at the Tumor Therapy and Cancer Research Center at Shendi University. The study was conducted between September 2022 and March 2023. 
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted involving 80 participants diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma. 
Results: Out of the 80 patients, 2 (2.5%) were using estrogen, 21 (26.2%) had hypertension, and 13 (16.3%) had diabetes mellitus (DM). Other risk factors included polycystic ovary syndrome (2.5%) and a history of prior pelvic radiation (1.3%). Family histories of cancers were notable, with 14 (17.5%) having a family history of breast cancer, 14 (11.2%) for endometrial cancer, and 8 (10.0%) for colorectal cancer. Disease staging revealed IA and IB stages in 26 patients each (32.5%). The predominant histopathological subtype was endometrioid adenocarcinoma, accounting for 67 (83.7%) cases. 
Conclusion: In summary, early marriage was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of endometrial adenocarcinoma, emphasizing the potential need for targeted education and screening for women who marry at a younger age. while advanced age was associated with advanced tumor grade, and the associations were statistically significant.