Spectrum of infection in hospitalized adult nephrotic syndrome patients

Background: Patients with nephrotic syndrome are prone to infections due to immune dysfunction. This study evaluated the spectrum of infections and causative organisms.
Aim of Study: To see the pattern of different infection encountered in adult nephrotic syndrome along with antibiogram 
Material & Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 nephrotic syndrome patients admitted to Chittagong Medical College Hospital over six months, excluding those on prior antibiotics. Infection types, organisms, and antibiotic sensitivity were analyzed.
Results: Out of 50 patients, 54% were male. Common symptoms included edema (100%), fever (38%), and dysuria (20%). Urinary tract infection (UTI) was most frequent (18%), followed by tuberculosis (6%), pneumonia (4%), skin and soft tissue infection (4%), peritonitis (4%), and bacteremia (2%). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common histological type (32%). Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen, showing sensitivity to multiple antibiotics, while Klebsiella was the second most common. 
Conclusion: Overall, early detection, rational antibiotic use, and improved hygiene practices are crucial to reduce infection-related morbidity in nephrotic syndrome patients.