Study of acute and subacute toxicity of the aqueous extract of the rhizomes of Anchomanes difformis Blum Engl. (Araceae) in rats

Ghilson Sinclair Makemba Nkounkou 1, 2, Gelase Fredy Nsonde Ntandou 1, 2, *, Max Bonaventure Peneme 1, Luce Sarrah Boumba 1, 3, Blondy Mboungou Bouesse 3 and Ange Antoine Abena 1

1 Laboratory Biochemistry   et Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI, University, Brazzaville, B.P. 69, Congo.
2 Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Physiopathology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Marien NGOUABI University, Brazzaville, BP 69, Congo.
 3 Laboratory of Chemistry of Organic Biomolecules and Pharmacodynamics, Department of Pharmacopoeia and Traditional Medicine, National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA), Cité Scientifique, Brazzaville, Congo.
 
Research Article
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2023, 14(01), 001–008.
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.1.0039
Publication history: 
Received on 07 February 2023; revised on 10 March 2023; accepted on 13 March 2023
 
Abstract: 
The aim of the study was to evaluate the acute and subacute toxicity of Anchomanes difformis rhizomes extract. The qualitative and quantitative chemical analyzes of the phenolic compounds from Anchomanes difformis rhizomes aqueous extract. were carried out by CCM and spectrophotometry. The acute toxicity study was conducted on female swiss mice at doses of 2000, 3500 and 5000 mg / kg  per os. The subacute toxicity study was carried out in Wistar rats quatidianly treated with 400 mg / kg per os of the aqueous extract for 28 days. Control lots received 10 ml / kg. Chemical analyzes revealed the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids. The acute toxicity study of  the aqueous extract did not result in any deaths. The LD50 is greater than 5000 mg / kg.  The subacute toxicity study showed weight gain in rats and various organsː uterus, heart, kidneys, liver, and lungs. On biochemical parameters, aqueous extract significantly increase Creat, Asat, Alat levels, but not Gly and Chol. In hematological parameters Anchomanes difformis aqueous extract caused increase in WBCs, IDR-CD, PCT and decrease in PLT, GMV, IDR-DS.
 
Keywords: 
Acute; Subacute; Toxicity; hematological; biochemical; Anchomanes difformis; Rat
 
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0