Diagnostic value of salivary tumor markers in breast, lung and ovarian cancer

Background: Breast and ovarian cancers, the most common cancers in women are expected to rise in the next decade. Ovarian cancer is a "silent killer" because of its heterogeneity and asymptomatic early stage. It is currently the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women, making it the most deadly gynecological malignancy.
Objective: To determine the diagnostic value of salivary tumor markers in breast, Lung and Ovarian cancer
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at General Hospital Lahore, Pakistan, which was performed between September 2023 to July 2024, The total number of patients in our study were 120. The number of female patients in our study were 120. For all patients, we did diagnostic tests, blood test and Biopsies. We also took the stages of cancer for breast, lung and ovary. We took the symptoms and causes for all patients. We excluded children and pregnant women in our study. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 27.
Result: In a current study total 120 patients were enrolled. The minimum age of patients were 47 years and the maximum age of the patients were 63 years. The mean age were 54.15±5.354 years.  The minimum BMI (Kg/m2) of patients were 31 years and the maximum BMI of the patients were 39 years. The mean BMI were 34.60±2.468 (Kg/m2).
The frequency of breast cancer in situ were 3 patients and nill patients were 75 and its percentage were 62%. The breast cancer stage I were present in 12 patients , stage II were 24 patients and Stage III were 6 Patients. P-value were less than 0.04.
The frequency of nil patients number in lung cancer were 90 and its percentage were 75%. The frequency of stage I lung cancer were 6 , stage II were 12, stage III were 6 and stage IV were 6 and its percentage were 5%. P-value were <0.02.
The frequency of metastasis PM1 in the lung were 5 and in the ovary were 2. Over all P-Value in our study were < 0.05.
Conclusion: Saliva would be an excellent diagnostic tool to help cancer patients live longer and with better quality of life. Saliva-omics prove to be a good diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer at early stage. In our study Metastasis PM1 were more in lung as compared to breast and ovary