Footprint of Millets on Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus: A short review

Diabetes is a chronic condition marked by high blood glucose (also known as blood sugar) levels. About 90% of cases of diabetes are type 2 diabetes, which is the most prevalent and is brought on by the body's inefficient use of insulin. Along with exercise, smoking, and obesity, the type of food consumed is important in the development of diabetes. In 420 million people, diabetes exists. A 2019 projection states those 2.2 million fatalities from diabetes and high blood sugar and 1.5 million deaths from diabetes itself.The prevalence of diabetes is rising everywhere in the world. The countries with the highest diabetes prevalence rates include India, China, and the USA. The highest growth, 143%, is anticipated for Africa between 2019 and 2045.It has been demonstrated that individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds experience higher rates of diabetes. This applies to both wealthy and countries with few resources.The cost of treating diabetes was expected to be $ 760 billion in 2019. "Diabetes is a major contributor to kidney failure, heart attacks, strokes, blindness, and lower limb amputations." Millets have a lower GI than the main staples. Therefore, a plan to add millets to staples could manage and lower the risk of type 2 diabetes. Diversification of staples could have a significant influence because, in regions like Asia and Africa, they often make up 70% of the plate. Millets are a smart food that is not only "good for you" (having good to high levels of many essential nutrients like iron, zinc, calcium, and protein) but also "good for the planet" and "good for the farmer," that is, environmentally sustainable, climate-smart, and having a lower carbon footprint. In addition to having a small carbon footprint and the capacity to endure high temperatures with little water, millets (particularly sorghum) are recognised to be very nutrient-dense foods. Millets are well known for helping to treat diabetes because of their low Glycaemic Index (GI).