Evaluation the effect of oral contraceptive pills on coagulation profile in Sudanese women in Shendi -Sudan

The most side effects associated with hormonal contraceptive use is predisposition to higher risk of thromboembolic phenomena. Progestins have antiplasmin and antithrombin activity. Its increase platelet count and aggregability, thus predisposing to hypercoagulability. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Shendi - Sudan during the period from April to August 2018 to evaluate the effect of contraceptive pills on coagulation tests (Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) and platelets count). A total of eighty women were selected as volunteers according to inclusion criteria and considered as case, and other forty women not taken these pills, were selected and considered as control group. Seven ml of fresh venous blood were collected after filling the questionnaire, about (4.5) ml of blood was drawn in trisodium citrate solution as anticoagulant and (2.5) ml was drawn in EDTA container to perform the platelet count by using hematology analyzer (Mindray bc-3000), citrated blood was centrifuged at 3000 round/min for 15 minutes for preparation of platelets poor plasma (PPP). The PPP were tested for the PT and APTT by using the coagulometer instrument (Clot).
The results revealed that the mean of APPT, PT and platelet count in test group was (33.4 seconds, (14.0) seconds and 519.000c/cmm) respectively, while in control group was (30.7 seconds, (13.4) seconds and 271.000c/cmm) respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant variation in APTT value in test group when compared with control group with P value of (< 0.05), also there was no significant variations was noticed in PT and with P value of (> 0.05), and significant variation was observed in count of platelet with P. value (<0.005) which indicate the hypercoagulability, significant changes were noticed between age groups, type of oral contraceptives and duration of uses. This study concludes that OCP users had more tendency of hypercoagulability and therefore these women are at higher risk of thromboembolic effects.