Anemia profile in Bangladeshi CKD patients: A cross-sectional study
1 Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh.1207.
2 Department of Nephrology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
3 Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh.1207.
4 Department of Gastroenterology, BIHS, General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
5 Department of Gastroenterology, Upazila Health Complex, Bancharampur, Brahmanbaria, Bangladesh.
6 Department of Cardiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
7 Department of Gastroenterology Sheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and Hospital,Dhaka,Bangladesh.
8 Department of Cardiology, Sathkira Medical College Hospital, Sathkira, Bangladesh.
9 Department of Pathology, Dr. Sirajul Islam Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
10 Department of Endocrinology Principal, MH Samorita Medical College, Tejgoan, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Research Article
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2024, 19(01), 473–479.
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0432
Publication history:
Received on 05 June 2024; revised on 26 July 2024; accepted on 29 July 2024
Abstract:
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern worldwide, including Bangladesh. Anemia is a frequent and serious complication of CKD, worsening as the disease progresses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of anemia according to CKD stage.
Objective: To determine the anemia profile in CKD patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 66 CKD patients (stage 1 or above, aged ≥18 years) from the Nephrology unit of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (January 2014-June 2014). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the MDRD equation, and kidney damage was assessed by abdominal ultrasound. Complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, iron status, vitamin B12, and serum folate levels were measured.
Results: Almost all CKD patients (97%) were anemic. Anemia severity increased with advanced CKD stages. Normocytic normochromic anemia, likely caused by erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency, was the most common type. Iron deficiency (absolute or functional) was present in a significant portion of patients (33.33%). Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency rarely contributed to anemia in this study
Conclusions: This study highlights the high prevalence and severity of anemia in advanced CKD patients at our hospital. Iron deficiency and functional iron deficiency are common, while vitamin B12 and folate deficiency play a minor role. Further research with larger, diverse populations is needed to better understand the complex interplay of factors contributing to anemia in CKD patients in our region.
Keywords:
Anemia; Chronic kidney disease (CKD); Erythropoietin (EPO); Iron deficiency; Vitamin B12; Folate deficiency.
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