Polymerase chain reaction: An efficient tool for genotypic studies

Since its discovery, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has fundamentally changed biological science. It made it possible to produce enormous amounts of DNA and detect it specifically for the first time. Large-scale scientific initiatives like the Human Genome Project have been fuelled by PCR-based techniques. Nowadays, the method is widely utilised by researchers and clinicians to quickly and sensitively perform complex genomic and quantitative studies, clone and sequence genes, and diagnose disorders. Pathogen detection is one of the most significant medical uses for the traditional PCR technique. Furthermore, forensic medicine uses the PCR assay to identify criminals. This article focuses on the PCR process and its applications.