A review on: Formulation Development and Evaluation of Metronidazole Tablet Drug Delivery System

Metronidazole is a synthetic nitroimidazole antimicrobial agent Widely used for the treatment of various anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections.Available in oral tablet form, Metronidazole exhibits high efficacy against Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica. The drug functions primarily by disrupting DNA synthesis in susceptible organisms, leading to cell death. Metronidazole tablets are rapidly absorbed after oral administration, achieving peak plasma concentrations within 1– 2 hours. The standard dosage and duration of therapy vary depending on the type and severity of infection. Common side effects include nausea, metallic taste, and gastrointestinal discomfort, with rare but serious adverse effects such as neurotoxicity reported with prolonged use. Due to its effectiveness, favorable pharmacokinetics, and broad antimicrobial spectrum, Metronidazole remains a cornerstone in the management of anaerobic and protozoal infections.